Cutoff Frequencies and Evanescent Modes
Possible solutions for the axial factor in the Helmholtz equation are
A propagating guided wave is described by
For a given frequency, the modes are limited for
Evanescent modes, do not transport acoustic energy down the duct.
If the frequency is greater than the cutoff , the mode is propagating
If the frequency is less than the cutoff then the mode is evanescent
For all propagating modes other than a plane wave, propagation above the
cut-off frequency the is dispersive
Guided wave modes describes sound waves in a duct
Cross Sectional Eignefunctions
Solutions of the Helmholtz equation may be constructed using
separation-of-variables yielding
introduction of the separation constant leads to the following differential
equations
For ducts with rectangular cross sections the eigenfunctions and
eigenvalues can be describes as